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pH-Controlled Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Inhibition of Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Growth

Alpaslan, Ece; Geilich, Benjamin M.; Yazici, Hilal; Webster, Thomas J.


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        "affiliation": "Northeastern Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA", 
        "name": "Alpaslan, Ece"
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      {
        "affiliation": "Northeastern Univ, Dept Bioengn, Boston, MA 02115 USA", 
        "name": "Geilich, Benjamin M."
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      {
        "name": "Yazici, Hilal"
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    "description": "Here, the antibacterial activity of dextran-coated nanoceria was examined against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis by varying the dose, the time of treatment, and the pH of the solution. Findings suggested that dextran-coated nanoceria particles were much more effective at killing P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis at basic pH values (pH = 9) compared to acidic pH values (pH = 6) due to a smaller size and positive surface charge at pH 9. At pH 9, different particle concentrations did cause a delay in the growth of P. aeruginosa, whereas impressively S. epidermidis did not grow at all when treated with a 500 mu g/mL nanoceria concentration for 24 hours. For both bacteria, a 2 log reduction and elevated amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation per colony were observed after 6 hours of treatment with nanoceria at pH 9 compared to untreated controls. After 6 hours of incubation with nanoceria at pH 9, P. aeruginosa showed drastic morphological changes as a result of cellular stress. In summary, this study provides significant evidence for the use of nanoceria (+4) for a wide range of anti-infection applications without resorting to the use of antibiotics, for which bacteria are developing a resistance towards anyway.", 
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