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Abbas, Shahbaz; Ceylan, Omer; Gurbuz, Yasar
{ "DOI": "10.1109/TCSI.2019.2914191", "abstract": "This paper presents a digital readout integrated circuit (DROIC) for small pitch medium-wave infrared (MWIR) starring focal plane arrays (FPAs). To overcome the limited in-pixel resolution of such DROICs, the concept of error shaping is introduced in pulse frequency modulation (PFM)-based pixels. Multiple integration operations are performed in a single frame and the residue charge from each integration phase is retained and injected into the next charge packet. This over-integration routine provides a high pass noise transfer function (NTF) equivalent to what is obtained in a first order sigma delta modulator. The concise structure of a PFM analog-to-digital converter (ADC) lends itself well to such an operation inside the pixel, while consuming low power. Along with a theoretical analysis of the technique, a prototype based on a 16 x 16 array and sinc decimation filters is developed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed DROIC. With an in-pixel resolution of 5 bits and over-integration ratio (OIR) of 128, 395 noise electrons are demonstrated at full-well fill from the test array fabricated in a 90 nm bulk-CMOS process.", "author": [ { "family": "Abbas", "given": " Shahbaz" }, { "family": "Ceylan", "given": " Omer" }, { "family": "Gurbuz", "given": " Yasar" } ], "container_title": "IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS", "id": "71247", "issue": "10", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2019, 1, 1 ] ] }, "page": "3713-3722", "title": "A DROIC Based on PFM ADCs Employing Over-Integration for Error Shaping", "type": "article-journal", "volume": "66" }
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