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Isik, Mustafa; Altas, Levent; Ozcan, Samet; Simsek, Ismail; Agdag, Osman Nuri; Alas, Ali
{ "DOI": "10.1016/j.jiec.2012.05.002", "abstract": "High calcium concentrations are problematic, because they lead to clogging of pipelines, boilers and heat exchangers through scaling, or malfunctioning of aerobic and anaerobic reactors. Urea hydrolysis provides simultaneously a pH and CO2 increase, both of which are responsible of CaCO3 production. This study was carried out to determine urea concentrations between 5 and 20 mM on ureolytic mixed culture treating synthetic wastewater. The optimum urea concentration was found as 15 mM for effective calcium removal. This work showed the feasibility of urea-based microbial carbonate precipitation as an alternative Ca2+ removal technology. (C) 2012 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "author": [ { "family": "Isik", "given": " Mustafa" }, { "family": "Altas", "given": " Levent" }, { "family": "Ozcan", "given": " Samet" }, { "family": "Simsek", "given": " Ismail" }, { "family": "Agdag", "given": " Osman Nuri" }, { "family": "Alas", "given": " Ali" } ], "container_title": "JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY", "id": "87199", "issue": "6", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2012, 1, 1 ] ] }, "page": "1908-1911", "title": "Effect of urea concentration on microbial Ca precipitation", "type": "article-journal", "volume": "18" }
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