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Enhancing mechanical and flame retardant characteristics of glass fiber-epoxy laminated composites through MXene and functionalized-MXene integration

Yuksel Yilmaz, Ayten Nur; Celik Bedeloglu, Ayse; Yunus, Doruk Erdem


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    <subfield code="a">Glass fibers</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Mechanical properties</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/mxene"&gt;MXene&lt;/a&gt;, a 2D&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/transition-metal-carbide"&gt;transition metal carbide&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/nitride-compound"&gt;nitride&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;with graphene-like layered structures, has become one of the preferred choice for nano-reinforcement in&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/polymer-matrix-composite"&gt;polymer matrix composites&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;in recent years due to its outstanding properties such as specific surface area, excellent thermal and&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/mechanical-property"&gt;mechanical characteristics&lt;/a&gt;, and high conductivity. In this study, the glass fiber-epoxy&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/laminated-composite"&gt;laminated composites&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;reinforced with Ti&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;T&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;-MXene (M)/ functionalized-MXene (FM) were produced using the hand lay-up procedure followed by vacuum bagging process. The effects of varying filler amounts (0.125, 0.25, 0.375, and 0.5%) on the mechanical and&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/flame-retardancy-property"&gt;flame retardancy properties&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;of glass fiber-epoxy composites were examined. In both M and FM reinforced composites, the highest values of&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/mechanical-strength"&gt;mechanical strengths&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;were obtained with a 0.25% filler, while a decrease in mechanical strengths was observed beyond this reinforcement amount. The 0.25 wt% FM-reinforced composite exhibited 19.21%, 27.55%, and 12.40% higher tensile, flexural, and&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/interlaminar-shear-strength"&gt;interlaminar shear strengths&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;(ILSS) than the pristine glass fiber-epoxy composite (N-C). Post-test analysis revealed the presence of&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/matrix-crack"&gt;matrix cracks&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/fibre-breakage"&gt;fiber breakage&lt;/a&gt;, and fiber pull-out damages were observed on the surfaces of composite samples. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/flame-retardant"&gt;flame retardant&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;properties of the composites were enhanced with the addition of&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/mxene"&gt;MXene&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;reinforcement, and 0.5FM-C exhibited 25.50% lower burning rate than N-C.&lt;/p&gt;</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.108745</subfield>
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