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Microstructure and Phase Transformations in High-Strength Bainitic Forging Steel

Erisir, Ersoy; Ayhan, Ismail Irfan; Guney, Caner; Alan, Emre; Durger, Nurten Basak; Un, Sibel


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{
  "DOI": "10.1007/s11665-021-05689-1", 
  "abstract": "In this work, the microstructural evolution and the phase transformations on a 0.22 wt.% carbon bainitic forging steel are investigated using a deformation dilatometer. The microstructure evolution was characterized using light microscope (LM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). It was tried to predict the phase transformations via a continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram calculated by JMatPro using the results of prior austenite grain size measurement. In addition, critical temperatures were calculated using Thermo-Calc, JMatPro, and empirical formulations. Based on the dilatometric tests, hardness, and microstructural investigation, a deformation-CCT diagram was plotted. It was found that a bainitic microstructure can be obtained at cooling rates from 0.15 to 8 K/s. The microstructures varied from a mixture of bainite and blocky martensite/austenite islands at lower cooling rates to a bainitic ferrite with martensite at higher cooling rates. Finally, an industrially hot-forged sample cooled at 1 K/s was investigated. The microstructural evolution showed a microstructure of carbide-free bainitic ferrite along with film and island of retained austenite.", 
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Erisir", 
      "given": " Ersoy"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Ayhan", 
      "given": " Ismail Irfan"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Guney", 
      "given": " Caner"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Alan", 
      "given": " Emre"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Durger", 
      "given": " Nurten Basak"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Un", 
      "given": " Sibel"
    }
  ], 
  "container_title": "JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE", 
  "id": "238200", 
  "issue": "5", 
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2021, 
        1, 
        1
      ]
    ]
  }, 
  "page": "3458-3467", 
  "title": "Microstructure and Phase Transformations in High-Strength Bainitic Forging Steel", 
  "type": "article-journal", 
  "volume": "30"
}
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