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The source of DDT and its metabolites contamination in Turkish agricultural soils

Turgut, Cafer; Cutright, Teresa J.; Mermer, Serhan; Atatanir, Levent; Turgut, Nalan; Usluy, Melis; Erdogan, Oktay


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{
  "DOI": "10.1007/s10661-012-2616-y", 
  "abstract": "The concentration and impact of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-ethane (DDT) and its metabolites (DDE: 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene) on the environment was expected to decrease after its ban in the mid-1980s. Unfortunately, DDT contamination via its presence as an impurity in dicofol (2,2,2-trichloro-1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol) has led to a new source of contamination. This is particularly true especially in cotton production in Soke Plain, Turkey, where difocol-based pesticides are being used. The aim of this research was to investigate the extent and source of DDT contamination in cotton soils. Soke Plain soil samples were collected from 0-30, 30-60, and 60-90-cm depth and analyzed by GC/MS/MS. o,p'-DDT and p, p'-DDE were detected at 16.2 % and 17.6 % of the sites in the 0-30-cm depth of soils. In the 30-60 cm, p, p'-DDT (14.9 %), o, p'-DDE (8.1 %) and p, p'-DDE (2.7 %) were found in soil samples, and p, p'-DDT was the most prevalent with 9.5 % of the sampling sites. The dominant source of DDT particularly in the 60-90-cm depth was due to historic use of DDT. The presence of p, p'-DDE, o, p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT in the topsoil was attributed to recent dicofol applications.", 
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Turgut", 
      "given": " Cafer"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Cutright", 
      "given": " Teresa J."
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Mermer", 
      "given": " Serhan"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Atatanir", 
      "given": " Levent"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Turgut", 
      "given": " Nalan"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Usluy", 
      "given": " Melis"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Erdogan", 
      "given": " Oktay"
    }
  ], 
  "container_title": "ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT", 
  "id": "13567", 
  "issue": "2", 
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2013, 
        1, 
        1
      ]
    ]
  }, 
  "page": "1087-1093", 
  "title": "The source of DDT and its metabolites contamination in Turkish agricultural soils", 
  "type": "article-journal", 
  "volume": "185"
}
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