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Is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) really completely innocent? It may be triggering obesity

2020    Baran, Alper; Sulukan, Ekrem; Turkoglu, Medine; Ghosigharehagaji, Atena; Yildirim, Serkan; Kankaynar, Meryem; Bolat, Ismail; Kaya, Mukerrem; Topal, Ahmet; Ceyhun, Saltuk Bugrahan

The toxicity of sodiumcarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which has GRAS status and has been determined as "ADI non specified", was re-evaluated with a new modelling and molecular-based data. For this purpose, CMC, a food additive, was injected to the yolk sac (food) of the zebrafish embryo by the microinjection method at the 4th hour of fertilization at different concentrations. As a result, it was found that CMC showed no toxic effects within the framework of the parameters studied. But, we determined increasing lipid accumulation in zebrafish embryos exposed to CMC in a dose-dependent manner. To elucidate the mechanism underlying this lipid accumulation, the expression levels of genes related to obesity-linked lipid metabolism were examined. Our findings show that while CMC does not cause a toxic effect in zebrafish embryos, it can lead important effects on lipid metabolism by causing changes in the expression of some genes associated with obesity. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.