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Bisbenzoxazole Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, in Vitro Antimicrobial, Antiproliferative Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies

Ersan, Ronak Haj; Alagoz, Mehmet Abdullah; Dogen, Aylin; Duran, Nizami; Burmaoglu, Serdar; Algul, Oztekin


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    "creators": [
      {
        "affiliation": "Mersin Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Fac Pharm, TR-33169 Mersin, Turkey", 
        "name": "Ersan, Ronak Haj"
      }, 
      {
        "affiliation": "Inonu Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Fac Pharm, Malatya, Turkey", 
        "name": "Alagoz, Mehmet Abdullah"
      }, 
      {
        "affiliation": "Mersin Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Microbiol, Fac Pharm, Mersin, Turkey", 
        "name": "Dogen, Aylin"
      }, 
      {
        "affiliation": "Mustafa Kemal Univ, Fac Med, Dept Med Microbiol, Antakya, Turkey", 
        "name": "Duran, Nizami"
      }, 
      {
        "affiliation": "Ataturk Univ, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, TR-25240 Erzurum, Turkey", 
        "name": "Burmaoglu, Serdar"
      }, 
      {
        "affiliation": "Mersin Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Fac Pharm, TR-33169 Mersin, Turkey", 
        "name": "Algul, Oztekin"
      }
    ], 
    "description": "Four series of bisbenzoxazole derivatives were designed, synthesized, and screened for antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities. Generally, all synthesized bisbenzoxazoles (9-24) displayed significant antiproliferative activity; these effects were shown to be related to oxazole rings and substituents in bisbenzoxazole compounds. Especially, the series bearing chloro-substituent (9-12) exhibited better antiproliferative activity with higher selectivity than the other series (13-24); the IC50 values were observed in the range of 0.045-0.342 mu M. Interestingly, only the compound with a nitro substituent (22) showed maximum potency with an IC50 value of 0.011 mu M, which is two-fold more active than the standard drug methotrexate, with moderate selectivity. The compounds bearing fluoro-substituent (14-16) were found to exhibit potent antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis, with a MIC value of 62.5 mu g/mL, and moderate activity against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Only the compound 23 showed potent activity against Escherichia coli, with a MIC value of 62.5 mu g/mL. In order to better evaluate the activity results, crystal structures of five different proteins Human Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (PDB ID: 2XP2), CYP2C8dH complexed (PDB ID: 2NNI), factor-human kinase-beta enzyme IKK-beta enzyme (PDB ID: 4KIK), a tubulin heterodimer complex containing alpha and beta sub-units (PDB ID: 1Z2B) and penicillin-binding protein 4 (PBP4) from Enterococcus faecalis (PDB ID: 6MKI) were used in the docking study to examine antiproliferative and antimicrobial activity. Finally, an ADMET screening test was applied to determine the drug-like, toxicological, and optimum physicochemical properties for all of the synthesized compounds. The strategy applied in this research may act as a perspective for the rational design of potential anticancer drugs.", 
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      "title": "POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS"
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    "title": "Bisbenzoxazole Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, in Vitro Antimicrobial, Antiproliferative Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies"
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