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The evolution of flaring and non-flaring active regions

Kilcik, A.; Yurchyshyn, V; Sahin, S.; Sarp, V; Obridko, V; Ozguc, A.; Rozelot, J. P.


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{
  "DOI": "10.1093/mnras/sty388", 
  "abstract": "According to the modified Zurich classification, sunspot groups are classified into seven different classes (A, B, C, D, E, F and H) based on their morphology and evolution. In this classification, classes A and B, which are small groups, describe the beginning of sunspot evolution, while classes D, E and F describe the large and evolved groups. Class C describes the middle phase of sunspot evolution and the class H describes the end of sunspot evolution. Here, we compare the lifetime and temporal evolution of flaring and non-flaring active regions (ARs), and the flaring effect on ARs in these groups in detail for the last two solar cycles (1996 through 2016). Our main findings are as follows: (i) Flaring sunspot groups have longer lifetimes than non-flaring ones. (ii) Most of the class A, B and C flaring ARs rapidly evolve to higher classes, while this is not applicable for non-flaring ARs. More than 50 per cent of the flaring A, B and C groups changed morphologically, while the remaining D, E, F and H groups did not change remarkably after the flare activity. (iii) 75 per cent of all flaring sunspot groups are large and complex. (iv) There is a significant increase in the sunspot group area in classes A, B, C, D and H after flaring activity. In contrast, the sunspot group area of classes E and F decreased. The sunspot counts of classes D, E and F decreased as well, while classes A, B, C and H showed an increase.", 
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Kilcik", 
      "given": " A."
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Yurchyshyn", 
      "given": " V"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Sahin", 
      "given": " S."
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Sarp", 
      "given": " V"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Obridko", 
      "given": " V"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Ozguc", 
      "given": " A."
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Rozelot", 
      "given": " J. P."
    }
  ], 
  "container_title": "MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY", 
  "id": "28649", 
  "issue": "1", 
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2018, 
        1, 
        1
      ]
    ]
  }, 
  "page": "293-297", 
  "title": "The evolution of flaring and non-flaring active regions", 
  "type": "article-journal", 
  "volume": "477"
}
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