Dergi makalesi Erişime Kapalı
Kartal, Elif;
Çalışkan, Fatma;
Eskişehirli, Beyaz Başak;
Özen, Zeki
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"name": "\u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan, Fatma",
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"affiliation": "\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Fen Fak\u00fcltesi Matematik B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc",
"name": "Eski\u015fehirli, Beyaz Ba\u015fak",
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"name": "\u00d6zen, Zeki",
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"description": "<p>The k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) is a well-known supervised learning algorithm. The effect of the distance used in the analysis on the k-NN performance is very important. According to Ostrowski’s theorem, there are only two nontrivial absolute values on the field of rational numbers, Q, which are the usual absolute value and the p-adic absolute value for a prime p. In view of this theorem, the p-adic absolute value motivates us to calculate the p-adic distance between two samples for the k-NN algorithm. In this study, the p-adic distance on Q was coupled with the k-NN algorithm and was applied to 10 well-known public datasets containing categorical, numerical, and mixed (both categorical and numerical) type predictive attributes. Moreover, the p-adic distance performance was compared with Euclidean, Manhattan, Chebyshev, and Cosine distances. It was seen that the average accuracy obtained from the p-adic distance ranks first in 5 out of 10 datasets. Especially, in mixed datasets, the p-adic distance gave better results than other distances. For r=1,2,3, the effect of the r-decimal values of the number for the p-adic calculation was examined on numerical and mixed datasets. In addition, the p parameter of the p-adic distance was tested with prime numbers less than 29, and it was found that the average accuracy obtained for each p was very close to each other, especially in categorical and mixed datasets. Also, it can be concluded that k-NN with the p-adic distance may be more suitable for binary classification than multi-class classification.</p>",
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"title": "Neurocomputing",
"volume": "578"
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"Classification",
"Metric",
"k-NN",
"The p-adic distance",
"Machine learning"
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"publication_date": "2024-04-14",
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"title": "p-adic distance and k-Nearest Neighbor classification",
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