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Is the naphthalene sulfonate H-acid biodegradable in mixed microbial cultures under aerobic conditions?

Olmez-Hanci, T.; Arslan-Alaton, I.; Orhon, D.; Karahan, O.; Cokgor, E. Ubay; Insel, G.


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{
  "DOI": "10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.086", 
  "abstract": "Synthetically prepared wastewater originating from the H-acid (4-Amino-5-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalene disulfonic acid) manufacturing process was subjected to respirometric analysis for evaluating the level of achievable biodegradation in the presence of this commercially important azo dye precursor. For this purpose, H-acid was mixed with synthetic substrate having the same characteristics as sewage at a concentration and composition being typical for H-acid manufacturing wastewater. Experimental results indicated that H-acid was not biodegradable under activated sludge treatment conditions even after prolonged acclimation periods. The results were also confirmed by model evaluation of oxygen uptake rate profiles. H-acid also did not inhibit the biodegradation of synthetic sewage but accumulated as soluble inert COD in the treated wastewater. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", 
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Olmez-Hanci", 
      "given": " T."
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Arslan-Alaton", 
      "given": " I."
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Orhon", 
      "given": " D."
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Karahan", 
      "given": " O."
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Cokgor", 
      "given": " E. Ubay"
    }, 
    {
      "family": "Insel", 
      "given": " G."
    }
  ], 
  "container_title": "BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY", 
  "id": "23039", 
  "issue": "10", 
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2011, 
        1, 
        1
      ]
    ]
  }, 
  "page": "5589-5595", 
  "title": "Is the naphthalene sulfonate H-acid biodegradable in mixed microbial cultures under aerobic conditions?", 
  "type": "article-journal", 
  "volume": "102"
}
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