Grain growth kinetic in xTiO(2)-6 wt. % Bi2O3-(94-x) ZnO (x=0, 2, 4) ceramic system

The grain growth kinetics in the 0, 2 and 4 wt.% TiO2 added ZnO-6 wt.% Bi2O3 system was studied using the simplified phenomenological grain growth kinetics equation G(n) = k . t . exp(-Q/R . T) together with the physical properties of the sintered samples. The grain growth exponent value (n) and the apparent activation energy for the ZnO-6 wt.% Bi2O3 system was 5 and 218 kJ/mol, respectively. The addition of the TiO2 to the ZnO-6 wt.% Bi2O3 system inhibited the ZnO grain growth. At 2 and 4 wt.% TiO2 additions, the apparent activation energies were calculated as 467 and 346 kJ/mol, respectively. The addition of TiO2 to the system inhibited the grain growth of ZnO ceramics.