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Published January 1, 2013 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Planck intermediate results V. Pressure profiles of galaxy clusters from the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

Creators

  • 1. Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales
  • 2. Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, UMR8617, F-91405 Orsay, France
  • 3. Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, IRFU Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA DSM,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
  • 4. Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Fundamental, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain
  • 5. SISSA, Astrophys Sect, I-34136 Trieste, Italy
  • 6. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy
  • 7. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain
  • 8. Univ Granada, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain
  • 9. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Inst Neel, Grenoble, France
  • 10. CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France
  • 11. ALMA Santiago Cent Offices, Santiago, Chile
  • 12. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany

Description

Taking advantage of the all-sky coverage and broad frequency range of the Planck satellite, we study the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) and pressure profiles of 62 nearby massive clusters detected at high significance in the 14-month nominal survey. Careful reconstruction of the SZ signal indicates that most clusters are individually detected at least out to R-500. By stacking the radial profiles, we have statistically detected the radial SZ signal out to 3 x R-500, i. e., at a density contrast of about 50-100, though the dispersion about the mean profile dominates the statistical errors across the whole radial range. Our measurement is fully consistent with previous Planck results on integrated SZ fluxes, further strengthening the agreement between SZ and X-ray measurements inside R-500. Correcting for the effects of the Planck beam, we have calculated the corresponding pressure profiles. This new constraint from SZ measurements is consistent with the X-ray constraints from XMM-Newton in the region in which the profiles overlap (i. e., [0.1-1] R-500), and is in fairly good agreement with theoretical predictions within the expected dispersion. At larger radii the average pressure profile is slightly flatter than most predictions from numerical simulations. Combining the SZ and X-ray observed profiles into a joint fit to a generalised pressure profile gives best-fit parameters [P-0, c(500), gamma, alpha, beta] = [6.41, 1.81, 0.31, 1.33, 4.13]. Using a reasonable hypothesis for the gas temperature in the cluster outskirts we reconstruct from our stacked pressure profile the gas mass fraction profile out to 3 R-500. Within the temperature driven uncertainties, our Planck constraints are compatible with the cosmic baryon fraction and expected gas fraction in halos.

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