Electrochemical Characteristics of a Novel Pyridinium Salt as a Candidate Drug Molecule and Its Interaction with DNA

In this article, for the first time, the electrochemical properties of a novel pyridine derivative, 4-(2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) hydrazinyl)-1-(3-phenylpropyl) pyridinium bromide (abbreviated as 4-Pyri), and its interaction with double stranded DNA (dsDNA) was investigated. The interaction between candidate drug molecule (4-Pyri) and dsDNA was analyzed by examining 4-Pyri (+0.6 V and +0.8 V) and guanine (+1.0 V) oxidation signal changes with Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was used to show the resistance changes before and after the interaction between 4-Pyri and dsDNA. We showed that after the interaction with 4-Pyri, the oxidation currents of guanine decreased dramatically, whereas the intrinsic oxidation currents of 4-Pyri dramatically increased. 4-Pyri oxidation current differences before and after the interaction with dsDNA enabled us to determine such interaction separately from guanine oxidation signals. In addition, resistance differences were observed at before and after the interaction with each other that confirmed the possible interaction. In addition, toxicity effect (S%) value, which is an important parameter for electrochemical studies indicated 4-Pyri's toxicity to dsDNA. Our results demonstrated that 4-Pyri interacts with dsDNA, and could be used as a potential candidate drug molecule due to its remarkable impact on dsDNA.