Isolation, characterization, and bioactivities of compounds from Fuscoporia torulosa mushroom

Chromatographic purification of Fuscoporia torulosa extracts resulted in the isolation and characterization of a new steroid, 5 alpha,8 alpha-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3 beta-il-palmitate (1) and 10 known compounds (2-11). The structures of compounds were elucidated by IR, NMR, MS analyses, and comparison with literature data. Cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 (breast cancer), PC-3 (prostate cancer), and 3T3 (nontumor) of the extracts and cytotoxic, antioxidant, cholinesterase, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of all isolated compounds were evaluated. The methanol extract and Compound 8 showed the best cytotoxicity against MCF-7, whereas the hexane extract and Compound 4 displayed the highest cytotoxicity against PC-3. Compounds 10 and 11 displayed higher antioxidant activity than alpha-tocopherol and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) which are used as standards in ABTS(center dot+), DPPH center dot, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Also, cholinesterase inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butrylcholinesterase (BChE), Compounds 4 and 8 were determined as the most active compounds. Among all isolated compounds, Compound 11 exhibited the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity.