Assessment of immunomodulator biomarkers (Tnf-alpha, Il-1 beta and Il-6) in liver of Capoeta umbla for biomonitoring of pollution in Uzuncayir Dam Lake (Tunceli, Turkey)

This study was aimed to monitor water pullution of Uzuncayir Dam Lake using the changes of IL-6, IL1 beta and TNF-alpha levels in Capoeta umbla (Heckel, 1843) liver tissue at ten stations in March and September 2011. In this study C. umbla (Heckel, 1843) was used as the indicator organism. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interlekuin1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined in samples of the liver tissue by ELISA kit. The lowest mean IL-1 beta levels were found at station 6. The mean IL-1 beta was reached its maximum level at station 2. The difference between the mean levels of IL-6 was found to be significant (p<0.05) amoung stations. The IL-6 levels were significantly increased in September at stations 1, 2, 7 and 8 (p<0.01) compared to the values in March. The mean levels of TNF-alpha were found to be significant (p<0.05) amoung stations. The TNF-alpha levels significantly decreased in September at stations 1 and 9 (p<0.01). TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels in C. umbla can be used as early diagnostic indicators against adverse environmental events and useful and reliable bioindicators in determining the pollution of the aquatic ecosystem.