Hydrogeochemistry of the thermal waters from the Yenice Geothermal Field (Denizli Basin, Southwestern Anatolia, Turkey)

The chemical and isotopic properties of thermal waters (Kamara and Cizmeli) and cold springs from the Venice Geothermal Field (YGF), in southwestern Anatolia, Turkey are investigated in order to establish a conceptual hydrogeochemical-hydrogeological model. These thermal waters derive from Menderes metamorphic rocks and emerge along normal faults; they are commonly used for heating of greenhouses and bathing facilities. Discharge temperatures of thermal waters are 32 degrees C to 57 degrees C (mean 51 degrees C) for Kamara and 35 degrees C to 68 degrees C (mean 47 degrees C) for Cizmeli, whereas deep groundwaters are 15 degrees C to 20.1 degrees C (mean 17 degrees C) and shallow groundwaters ware 12 to 16 degrees C (mean 15 degrees C). Kamara and Cizmeli thermal waters are mostly of Na-Ca-HCO3-SO4 type, whereas deep groundwaters are Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Mg-Ca-HCO3 types and shallow groundwaters are mainly Mg-CaSO4-HCO3 and Ca-Mg-HCO3 types.