Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of (4-Substituted-benzylidene)-(3-Phenyl-1,2,4-Oxadiazol-5-YL)Methylamines

This work was aimed at the synthesis and investigation of the cytotoxic activity of a series of Schiff bases having (4-substituted-benzylidene)-(3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)methylamine structure with different electronic natures of substituents in the phenyl ring. Thus, the study was intended to observe the effect of substituents with different electronic properties on the cytotoxic activity. The synthesized series of compounds (OP) were obtained by six-step synthesis with yields ranging from 12.23 to 25.77%. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by H NMR. The cytotoxicity of compounds against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines [Ca9-22 (gum), HSC-2 (mouth), HSC-3 (fluent), HSC-4 (language)] and human oral normal cells [HGF (gum fibroblasts), HPC (pulp cells), and HPLF (periodontal ligament fibroblasts)] was tested by MTT assay. Among the group of six OP compounds, bromo derivative OP2, non-substituted derivative OP1, and chloro derivative OP3 showed higher cytotoxicity (2.71-, 1.56-, and 1.53-fold, respectively) than the reference compound 5-FU. In addition, OP2 (3.27) exhibited the greatest selectivity index in this group. These compounds can be considered to be model structures for further studies.