A simplified two-view geometry based external calibration method for omnidirectional and PTZ camera pairs

The external calibration of a camera system is essential for most of the applications that involve an omnidirectional and a pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) camera. The methods in the literature fall into two major categories; (1) a complete external calibration of the system which allows all degrees of freedom but highly time consuming, (2) spatial mapping between the pixel coordinates in omnidirectional camera and pan/tilt angles of the PTZ camera instead of explicitly computing the rotation and translation. Most methods in this category make restrictive assumptions about the camera setup such as optical axes of the cameras coincide. We propose an external calibration method that is effective and practical. Using the two-view geometry principles and making reasonable assumptions about the camera setup, calibration is performed with just two scene points. We extract rotation using the point correspondences in images. Locating the PTZ camera in the omnidirectional image is used to find the translation parameters and the real distance between the two scene points lets us compute the translation in correct scale. Results of the simulated and real image experiments show that our method works effectively in real world cases and its accuracy is comparable to the state-of-the-art methods. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.