PATTERN ANALYSIS OF TURKISH BREAD WHEAT LANDRACES AND CULTIVARS FOR GRAIN AND FLOUR QUALITY

This research was carried out to characterize both 200 pure lines selected from Turkish bread wheat landraces and 25 Turkish bread wheat cultivars based on 3 grain quality traits [thousand kernel weight (TKW), protein content (PC), Zeleny sedimentation test (ZSDS)] and 5 mixograph parameters. Univariate and Multivariate (clustering and ordination) techniques were used to investigate the diversity present among the pure lines and cultivars. Both cluster and ordination analyses suggested that there were ten groups of studied genotypes. Applying genotype-by-trait (GT) biplot analysis to the multiple quality trait data revealed that GT-biplot graphically displayed the interrelationships among traits and facilitated visual comparison of pure lines and selection. The results also showed that, based on the quality traits, the pure lines in different groups were belonged to different provinces of Turkey. They were also proved to be highly diverse for 8 quality trait values (both mixograph and grain quality) to breeders and end-users. Especially most of the pure lines had higher PC, midline peak value of mixogram (MPV), midline time x = 8 min integral of mixogram (MTxI) and ZSDS values than some of the cultivars. Also, our results were very contributive in selection of precious pure lines for further breeding programs.