Fine-tuning snowflake fractal antennas

We present a simple yet effective approach for fine-tuning operating frequencies of snowflake fractal antennas. Given a basic design, a set of numerical simulations involving alternative corner angles are carried out to compute their isolated effects on frequency bands. Then, the effects of consecutive modifications are estimated and used to identify possible combinations for shifting the frequencies in the desired ranges. The effects of corner angles are almost independent of each other, leading to accurate estimations that allow for easy tuning of these antennas without time-consuming optimizations.