Evaluation of the Effects of the Chincup Appliance on the Craniofacial Structures by the Finite Element Analysis

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the chincup appliance used in the treatment of Class III malocclusions, not only on the mandible or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) but also on all the craniofacial structures. Materials and Methods: Chincup simulation was performed on a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model. 1000 g (500 g per side) force was applied in the direction of chin-condyle head. Nonlinear FE analysis was used as the numerical analysis method. Results: By the application of chincup, stresses were distributed not only on TMJ or mandible but also on the circummaxillary sutures and other craniofacial structures. Conclusions: Clinical changes obtained by chincup treatment in Class III malocclusions are not limited by only mandible. It was seen that also further structures were affected.