Optimization of dielectric heating parameters in the production of high-voltage LiNiPO4-core and carbon-shell ceramics

Excellent core-shell morphology and nanoscale high-voltage LiNiPO4@C cathode materials have been synthesized by a low-level and long-time microwave and solvothermal synthesis methodology. The effects of the changing physicochemical parameters on the crystal-quality and electrochemical properties of the products have been evaluated in relation to the cycling stability. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that it is possible to synthesize phase-pure LiNiPO4 material when the reaction parameters are carefully elaborated. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals a core-shell morphology with a coating thickness of 6-8nm for 30minutes at 180 degrees C solvothermal temperature and time-spread microwave energy. This mentioned cathode material exhibits the best electrochemical properties, achieving a discharge capacity of 157mAh.g(-1) at a 0.lC current rate, and shows a remarkable 81% capacity retention at the end of the 80th cycle.