EFFECT OF PRONUNCIATIONS ON OOV QUERIES IN SPOKEN TERM DETECTION

The spoken term detection (STD) task aims to return relevant segments from a spoken archive that contain the query terms whether or not they are in the system vocabulary. This paper focuses on pronunciation modeling for Out-of-Vocabulary (OOV) terms which frequently occur in STD queries. The STD system described in this paper indexes word-level and sub-word level lattices or confusion networks produced by an LVCSR system using Weighted Finite State Transducers (WFST). We investigate the inclusion of n-best pronunciation variants for OOV terms (obtained from letter-to-sound rules) into the search and present the results obtained by indexing confusion networks as well as lattices. The following observations are worth mentioning: phone indexes generated from sub-words represent OOVs well and too many variants for the OOV terms degrade performance if pronunciations are not weighted.