Whole Rock and Mineral Chemistry of Ultramafic-mafic Cumulates from the Orhaneli (Bursa) Ophiolite, NW Anatolia

The Orhaneli ophiolite, situated in the western part of the Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan Suture Zone (IAESZ) and south of Bursa, exposes cumulates belonging to the mantle-crust transition zone. The Orhaneli ophiolite consists mainly of ultramafic cumulates and subordinate mafic cumulates. The basal cumulate sequence comprises dunites locally interlayered with chromitite levels. Above, dunitic cumulates, commonly interbanded with cumulate wehrlites, grade up into two pyroxene peridotites (cumulate lherzolites showing some transition to cumulate harzburgites in places). The observation of cumulate gabbroic thin layers intercalated with ultramafic cumulates at least three times suggests that the magma chamber was periodically replenished by basaltic liquids. Petrographic studies show that the crystallization orders in the mafic-ultramafic cumulates follow two lines: (1) sp-ol-cpx-plag (chromitite, dunite, wehrlite, pyroxenite, gabbro), (2) sp-ol-cpx-opx-plag (chromitite, dunite, wehrlite, lherzolite, harzburgite, pyroxenite, gabbro).