Effectiveness of a Video-Based Game Exercise Program Targeting Upper Extremity Function in Individuals with Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract

Purpose: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with impaired motor function, postural control, upper extremity performance, and quality of life. Technology-assisted rehabilitation may enhance engagement and task-specific motor learning. This study compared video-based game exercises with structured exercises in individuals with PD.

Materials and Methods: Thirty individuals with idiopathic PD were randomly assigned to a Structured Exercise Group (SEG) or a Video-Based Game Exercise Group (VGEG). Both groups completed an 8-week rehabilitation program, three sessions per week. Postural stability was assessed using the Becure Balance System; shoulder range of motion (ROM) and joint position sense (JPS) were evaluated with the Becure Extremity ROM System. Upper extremity function and quality of life were assessed using the DASH and PDQ-39, respectively.

Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups (p>0.05). Both groups improved significantly over time in most outcomes (p<0.01). Significant group × time interactions favored the VGEG for shoulder ROM (all p<0.001), JPS (p≤0.003), DASH (p<0.001), and PDQ-39 (p<0.001). No significant interaction was observed for postural stability (p=0.074).

Conclusions: Video-based game exercises produced greater improvements in shoulder ROM, proprioception, upper extremity function, and quality of life than structured exercises, without additional benefit for postural stability.

Keywords: Parkinson, video-based exercise, exercise, postural stability, quality of life, joint position sense