Dataset contains Figures and Tables for "Groundwater depletion in Konya-Çumra-Karapınar Sub-basin driven by overpumping, climate change and drought"

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Öz (English)

This study evaluates groundwater level fluctuations in the Konya-Çumra-Karapınar Sub-basin, one of the driest regions in Türkiye, by analyzing both climatic and anthropogenic controls. Long-term groundwater-level records from representative observation wells and corresponding precipitation data were analyzed to quantify hydrological and meteorological drought conditions, respectively. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Groundwater Index (SGI) were applied together with cumulative deviation analysis to identify the drivers of groundwater depletion. The results reveal distinct wet and dry periods between 1967 and 2022. Despite the termination of meteorological drought and the recovery of precipitation after 2008, groundwater levels continued to decline, with SGI values indicating persistent extreme drought conditions. Quantitative assessment shows that excessive groundwater abstraction is the dominant factor, accounting for up to 85% of total depletion in certain locations, whereas climatic variability plays a secondary role. These findings indicate that the current situation represents a water management–induced drought rather than a purely meteorological phenomenon, highlighting a critical risk of hydraulic failure in the aquifer system.