Multi-Frequency Electrical Impedance Myography as a Predictor of Muscle Function in Older Adults

Introduction/AimsThis study examined the potential of multi-frequency electrical impedance myography (EIM) to predict hand grip strength (HGS) variability among adults, including a large proportion of older adults, with and without sarcopenia. The objective was to develop predictive models using EIM data for assessing HGS and to explore its potential use in clinical evaluations of muscle function.MethodsSeventy-three participants aged 18-93 years were recruited at community events, with 69 completing EIM and HGS assessments. EIM data were collected from the forearm flexor and extensor muscle groups, and regression techniques, including Lasso regression, were applied to develop predictive models.ResultsApproximately 60% of participants were over 65 years old, and 23% exhibited HGS values below sarcopenia thresholds. EIM measurements explained 48% of the variance in HGS. Adding demographic factors (sex, age, BMI) improved the explained variance to 64%, highlighting EIM's potential in muscle health assessments.DiscussionThe findings suggest that multi-frequency EIM shows potential as a non-invasive tool for predicting HGS and assessing muscle function, particularly in aging populations. Further research is needed to fully establish EIM's utility in clinical settings for the early detection and management of sarcopenia.