The Effects of Different Intervention Protocols on Anthropometric Measures, Lipid Profile, and Quality of Life: Insights from a Pandemic-Era Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: To assess the effect of different treatment protocols on anthropometric measures, lipid profile, and weight-related quality of life amid the pandemic. Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at Hacettepe University's Family Medicine outpatient clinics in Ankara, Turkey, in 2022. Participants were stratified into three groups: intervention, control-1, and control-2. The intervention group received a calorie-restricted diet, exercise program, and follow-up calls every 15 days. Control-1 received the same plan with a single follow-up at week 4. Control-2 received general dietary and exercise advice and regular follow-up calls every 15 days. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 12 weeks, including quality of life assessed with the Turkish IWQOL-Lite scale. Results: We 153 participants, with 51 individuals per group. At the 12th week, all groups exhibited significant improvements in weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and quality of life scores. The intervention group demonstrated improvements in physical function, self-esteem, work, and total quality of life score compared to baseline (P<0.001). Conclusion: Developing and adhering to a personalized exercise and diet plan is crucial for maintaining a healthy lifestyle, even during a pandemic