Evaluating aftershock-induced collapse mechanisms of the Fatih Büyük Mosque's historic masonry minaret using digital twin simulation

This research focuses on the seismic responses of the historic masonry minarets, conducted through the creation of a digital twin model using finite element methods. The study initiated the development of a comprehensive model in the ANSYS Workbench, supplemented by operational modal analysis (OMA), to ascertain the dynamic characteristics of the minaret. The alignment of numerical and experimental frequency data was achieved using the response surface method (RSM) within ANSYS Workbench DesignXplorer. This process resulted in the establishment of a digital twin, accurately representing the physical minaret in a virtual environment. Blender (R) software was then used to simulate the effects of two consecutive earthquakes in T & uuml;rkiye that occurred on February 6, 2023. The simulations highlighted the heightened susceptibility of the minaret, especially in its upper sections, to consecutive seismic activities, culminating in significant damage and collapse. This innovative approach, merging traditional engineering methods with a cutting-edge digital simulation, provides a profound insight into the seismic behavior of historical structures. The research underscores the importance of advanced seismic modeling for the effective preservation and resilience of architectural heritage sites against earthquake risks.