An experimental investigation of the split-attention effect on endoscopic surgical performance

Introduction:Surgeons in the operating theatre frequently need to split their attention, such as when switching between the monitor and radiological images during endoscopic surgery. This split attention can lead to cognitive overload, potentially impacting performance. Despite this, limited research has been conducted on how split attention affects surgical outcomes.Patients and Methods:This study examines the impact of split attention on surgical performance in a simulation-based training environment with two conditions: A far-condition (where information sources were spaced farther apart) and a near-condition (where sources were positioned closer together). A total of 53 participants (13 experienced surgical residents and 40 beginners) completed ten trials in each condition.Results:The results indicated that split attention led to diminished performance in beginners but not in residents. These findings suggest that expertise plays a crucial role in managing cognitive load for surgeons.Conclusion:The study highlights the need to develop training curricula that promote the automation of surgical skills through practice, allowing surgeons to allocate more cognitive resources effectively.