Verifiable database outsourcing supporting join

In an outsourced database scheme, the data owner delegates the data management tasks to a remote service provider who is supposed to answer owner's queries on the database. The essential requirements are ensuring the data integrity and authenticity with efficient mechanisms. Current approaches employ authenticated data structures to store security information, generated by the client and used by the server, to compute proofs that show the query answers are authentic. The existing solutions have shortcomings with multi-clause queries and duplicate values in a column.