Mapping Welfare Diversity: A Regional Analysis of Türkiye's Welfare Regime through Esping-Andersen's Welfare Regimes Typology

This study develops a comprehensive regional welfare map of T & uuml;rkiye by using Esping-Andersen's welfare typologies with the objective to analyze regional variations in welfare policies. By focusing on poverty and unemployment as key indicators, the research categorizes T & uuml;rkiye's welfare systems at both macro and micro levels, offering valuable insights for shaping future social welfare policies. A total of 243 semi-structured interviews were conducted across all 81 provinces with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) selected based on their involvement in welfare-related activities. The data, analyzed by using Maxqda software, reveals that Turkey exhibits a hybrid welfare system, incorporating liberal, conservative, and social democratic elements, with significant regional disparities. NGOs play a critical role in bridging gaps in the State welfare provision, particularly in regions with limited State intervention. Supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (T & Uuml;B & Idot;TAK), this study makes a significant contribution to the welfare typology literature and provides practical insights for reducing regional inequalities.