Antibiofilm and Molecular Properties of Some Host-Adapted Lactic Acid Bacteria against Biofilm-Forming<i> Escherichia</i><i> coli</i> Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Cases

Investigating the host microbiota as a probiotic source is increasingly important due to he challenges in developing universally applicable probiotic microorganisms. In this study, three different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains molecularly identified from milk taken from healthy udders from bovines were examined for biofilm inhibition properties on biofilm-forming Escherichia coli strains isolated from mastitis cases. The lactic acid bacteria strains were also analyzed phylogenetically using 16S rRNA gene regions. Biofilm formation properties of Escherichia coli strains were determined by the phenotypic method. This study determined that there are lactic acid bacteria strains with inhibitory effects on these pathogens in milk taken from healthy udders of dairy cows. According to the findings, LAB1 (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) and LAB4 (Companilactobacillus farciminis) had a biofilm inhibition effect on all Escherichia coli isolates. It was observed that LAB15 (Companilactobacillus farciminis) weakened the biofilm-forming ability of two field strains that formed moderate biofilms and had an inhibitory effect on other mastitis isolates. Further research on the characteristics of udder and milk micro-biota in bovine mastitis cases and healthy animals is crucial to exploring alternative natural solutions to antibiotics. It is believed that using lactic acid bacteria isolated from the host targeted for treatment in field prevention, control, and treatment applications may be effective, especially in mastitis cases caused by environmental agents such as Escherichia coli.