2D MXene-based composite coatings for magnesium alloys: recent progress and perspectives on corrosion protection

As the most extensively studied MXene, Ti3C2Tx has garnered significant academic and industrial interest due to its unique 2D structure and exceptional properties, including high conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and chemical stability. Among various 2D materials (e.g., graphene, phosphorene), MXene (Ti3C2Tx) stand out for their ultrathin morphology and versatile surface functionality, making them particularly attractive for diverse applications ranging from energy storage to biomedical devices. Their large specific surface area and abundant terminal groups further position them as promising candidates for advanced anticorrosion coatings. The inherent negative surface charge of MXene enables excellent dispersion in polar solvents, while their layered structure and compatibility with organic/polymeric matrices facilitate the development of high-performance composite coatings. Although numerous reviews have addressed Ti3C2Tx-based coatings for various substrates, a comprehensive analysis focusing on Mg alloy protection remains lacking. This review systematically examines recent advances in Ti3C2Tx composite coatings for Mg alloy corrosion mitigation, covering synthesis strategies, surface functionalization approaches, and hybrid material designs that enhance protective performance. We further discuss current challenges and future directions to optimize Ti3C2Tx-based anticorrosive coatings for practical applications.