Optimizing coolant channels for improved cutting tool vibration suppression

This study examines the effect of internal coolant channel geometry and viscous fluid on the damping performance of cutting tools. A tool with straight coolant holes was first evaluated using experimental modal tests and frequency response function (FRF) analysis. A numerical model was developed in Ansys to simulate its dynamic behavior. To investigate geometric effects, a helical coolant hole design was analyzed and compared with the straight configuration. Silicone oil was introduced into internal channels to assess the impact of viscous fluid on damping. Results showed a significant reduction in FRF magnitudes in both x and y directions, with the helical design offering superior damping improving fluid-surface interaction and energy dissipation. These findings demonstrate that combining optimized coolant geometries with viscous media can effectively improve tool damping characteristics, reduce vibrations, and enhance machining stability and surface quality. The study offers valuable insights for the design of advanced, high-performance cutting tools.