GIS-based fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making for selecting optimal parcel lockers location: A case study in Dublin, Ireland

Parcel lockers provide a flexible and efficient solution for last-mile delivery, enabling consignees to collect parcels at their convenience while reducing delivery costs and environmental impacts. In Ireland, the rapid expansion of parcel locker networks has highlighted the critical need for optimal site selection to maximize efficiency and user satisfaction. This study proposes a novel approach that integrates the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP) with the geographic information system (GIS) to address the complexities of parcel locker location selection. The F-AHP method evaluates multi-criteria factors, such as accessibility, population density, and environmental considerations, while GIS facilitates spatial analysis and visualization of potential sites. A case study conducted in Ireland demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in identifying optimal parcel locker locations. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers and logistics providers, offering a robust framework to support sustainable and efficient last-mile delivery solutions.