Energy-Aware IoT based solution for smart Beehives

Beekeeping is vital for agriculture and environmental sustainability, but traditional hive management methods are often time-consuming. IoT-based smart beehive systems provide a modern solution, offering monitoring and improved hive management. However, these systems face significant challenges, such as high energy consumption, data reliability issues, and limited communication efficiency, particularly in remote and rural areas. This paper proposes an energy-efficient IoT-based beehive solution designed to cope with these challenges. This solution is based on careful selection of parameters monitoring bees and energy-efficient communication protocols. It also implements a set of data sampling and transmission heuristics to reduce energy consumption while ensuring reliable data collection and transmission. Furthermore, the proposed architecture promotes an adaptable solution that supports continuous monitoring in diverse environments, depending on whether the beehives are in areas with communication coverage, or rural areas without such coverage. Simulation results confirm the system's ability to achieve energy efficiency without compromising monitoring quality, making it a sustainable solution for beekeeping.