Phytochemical studies on the roots of <i>Polygala vulgaris</i>

Several Polygala species have been widely used in folk medicine for the cure of mainly neurological disorders. Polygala vulgaris is one of the polyploid species in the flora of T & uuml;rkiye. The studies on the dried roots of this species resulted in the isolation of seven sucrose mono- and diesters (1-7), a known lignan glycoside, liriodendrin (8), a xanthone O-glycoside, 7-O-beta-glucopyranosyloxy-1-hydroxy-2,3,4-trimethoxyxanthone (9), three previously described tetrasaccharide multiesters fallaxoses C, D and senegose G (10-12), three newly described tetrasaccharide multiesters (vulgaroses A, B and C) (13-15) and two known saponins (polygalasaponin XLIV and E-senegasaponin c) (16-17). The structures of the compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods including 1D-NMR (1H-NMR,13C-NMR, DEPT-135, 1D selective ROESY), 2D-NMR (COSY, HSQC, HSQC-TOCSY, TOCSY, HMBC, NOESY, ROESY) and HRMS.