Lorentz-symmetry violation in charged black-hole thermodynamics and gravitational lensing: effects of the Kalb-Ramond field

This study investigates the consequences of Lorentz-symmetry violation in the thermodynamics and gravitational lensing of charged black holes coupled to the Kalb-Ramond field. We first explore the impact of Lorentz-violating parameters on key thermodynamic properties, including the Hawking temperature, entropy, and specific heat, demonstrating significant deviations from their Lorentz-symmetric counterparts. Our analysis reveals that the Lorentz-violating parameter b induces modifications in phase transitions and stability conditions, offering novel insights into black-hole thermodynamics. Additionally, the influence of Lorentz-symmetry breaking on gravitational lensing is examined using modifications to the Rindler-Ishak method, showing that these effects enhance the bending of light near compact objects. Our findings, derived within the framework of the Standard-Model Extension and bumblebee gravity models, suggest that Lorentz-violating corrections may lead to observable astrophysical phenomena, providing potential tests for deviations from Einstein's theory of relativity.