Anomalous heating rate and kinetic analysis in the thermoluminescence of GdCa4O(BO3)3

This study investigates the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of GdCa4O(BO3)3 phosphors under beta irradiation, highlighting their potential for dosimetric applications. A prominent glow peak at 175 degrees C was observed, demonstrating consistent sensitivity under preheating conditions. TL glow peaks were studied using variable heating rate (VHR), Tm-Tstop, initial rise (IR), and computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) methods. Eight distinct trap levels with activation energies ranging from 0.92 to 1.28 eV were identified, confirming the material's diverse trap-depth distribution. The dose-response behavior exhibited superlinear characteristics, with a minimum detectable dose (MDD) of 74.4 mGy, making it suitable for low-dose monitoring. Observed anomalous heating rate effects were explained using the semi-localized transition (SLT) model. These findings position GdCa4O(BO3)3 as a promising candidate for luminescence-based technologies.