Fabrication and characterization of Coenzyme Q10-loaded nanofibers for potential biomedical applications

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential molecule that plays a role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and acts as a powerful antioxidant. In this study, CoQ10-loaded nanofibers were developed and characterized via electrospinning method. SEM analyses showed that the fiber diameters ranged between 487 and 2163 nm, and that CoQ10 loading did not disrupt the fiber structure but reduced the diameter. It was determined that bead formation was observed only in the F1 formulation due to the low viscosity (73.09 mPas) and conductivity (1.66 mS/cm) values. The F4 formulation, containing Eudragit RL100 and Kollidon 90F, was selected as the final formulation because it exhibited the highest tensile strength (1.49 MPa) and the smallest fiber diameter (1306 nm). In vitro drug release studies demonstrated that the F4 formulation released only 4% of CoQ10 within 24 h, indicating a controlled release profile. The biocompatibility of this formulation was evaluated through a cytotoxicity assay using the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. After seven days of treatment, the CoQ10-loaded nanofiber group showed a cell viability of 101.65%. This result indicates that the nanofibers did not exhibit any cytotoxic effect; on the contrary, they demonstrated potential to support cell proliferation. These findings suggest that CoQ10-loaded nanofibers hold promise for biomedical applications.