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Published January 1, 2025 | Version v1
Journal article Open

MioVeg1: A Global Middle Miocene Vegetation Reconstruction for Climate Modeling

Creators

  • 1. Univ Adelaide, Sch Phys Chem & Earth Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  • 2. Univ Connecticut, Dept Earth Sci, Storrs, CT USA
  • 3. Dokuz Eylul Univ, Dept Geol Engn, Izmir, Turkiye
  • 4. Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Geodynam Stratig & Paleontol, Madrid, Spain
  • 5. Masaryk Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Brno, Czech Republic
  • 6. Hungarian Nat Hist Museum, Hungarian Natl Museum Publ Collect Ctr, Bot Dept, Budapest, Hungary
  • 7. Dokuz Eylul Univ, Inst Marine Sci & Technol, Izmir, Turkiye
  • 8. Comenius Univ, Fac Nat Sci, Dept Geol & Paleontol, Bratislava, Slovakia
  • 9. Salamanca Univ, Geol Dept, Salamanca, Spain
  • 10. Northumbria Univ, Sch Geog & Nat Sci, Newcastle, England
  • 11. Univ Paris Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, LSCE IPSL,Lab Sci Climat & Environm,CEA, Gif Sur Yvette, France
  • 12. Univ Southern Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA
  • 13. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Res, Sofia, Bulgaria
  • 14. Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Plant Divers & Specialty Crops, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla, Peoples R China
  • 15. Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Eco Environm & Resources, Key Lab Ecol Safety & Sustainable Dev Arid Lands, Lanzhou, Peoples R China
  • 16. Polish Acad Sci, W Szafer Inst Bot, Krakow, Poland

Description

Climate models require boundary condition information, such as vegetation and soil distributions because they influence the mean state climate, and feedbacks can significantly influence regional climate and climate sensitivity to CO2 forcing. Information about past distributions comes primarily from the paleobotanical record, which is often supplemented by a vegetation model to fill data gaps. For recent past periods such as the Pliocene, a quantitative suitability assessment of these vegetation model simulations is sufficient. However, the Miocene Climate Optimum spanning 16.9-14.7 Ma was the warmest period on Earth over the last similar to 25 million years and models struggle to reproduce those conditions for the range of paleogeographies and CO2 concentrations tested, particularly at high latitudes. Here we bring together the Miocene modeling and data communities to update previous vegetation reconstructions used for climate modeling with a new regional approach that relaxes the requirement for a single model simulation to be used, blending instead simulations forced by different paleogeographies and CO2 concentrations. This ensures the simulated vegetation is first, and foremost, consistent with the paleorecord and provides a baseline for future comparisons. The reconstruction shows global increases in forest cover at all latitudes as compared to today and extensive C3 grasslands across the high northern latitudes. Data gaps at high latitudes are filled with vegetation models forced by higher CO2 concentrations than were required at lower latitudes consistent with the inability of current models to simulate Miocene high latitude warmth.

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