Combined effects of escitalopram and vitamin E on phoenixin-20 secretion and neuroregulatory mechanisms in glioblastoma cells: a neuro-nutritional perspective

ObjectiveGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive brain tumors, characterized by limited treatment options due to the blood-brain barrier and drug resistance. Escitalopram (Citoles), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), has recently attracted attention for its potential anti-tumor properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Citoles and vitamin E on GBM cell viability, Phoenixin-20 (PNX-20) secretion, and their molecular interaction with the GPR-173 receptor.MethodsU87-MG glioblastoma cells were treated with various concentrations of Citoles and vitamin E, both individually and in combination. Cell viability was assessed using Trypan Blue exclusion and MTT assays. PNX-20 secretion was quantified via ELISA, and the binding potential of the compounds with GPR-173 was examined through in silico molecular docking analysis.ResultsThe combination treatment significantly reduced cell viability. ELISA results indicated that PNX-20 secretion increased markedly at 48 and 72 h post-treatment. Molecular docking analysis revealed that both compounds exhibited high binding affinity to the GPR-173 receptor, supporting their potential mechanisms of action.ConclusionThe combined use of Citoles and vitamin E demonstrated antiproliferative effects on GBM cells and significantly enhanced PNX-20 secretion, suggesting a meaningful neuropeptidergic response. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of SSRIs in bridging neuroregulation and cancer biology.