Published January 1, 2025 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Advancing analytical chemistry with carbon quantum dots: a comprehensive review

  • 1. Western Caspian Univ, Chem & Phys, Baku AZ-1001, Azerbaijan
  • 2. Kimyo Int Univ, Tashkent Branch, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
  • 3. Tashkent Pharmaceut Inst, Dept Inorgan Phys & Colloidal Chem, Oybek St 45, Tashkent 100015, Uzbekistan
  • 4. Karshi State Univ, Karshi 180119, Uzbekistan
  • 5. Jizzakh State Pedag Univ, Sharaf Rashidov St 4, Jizzakh 130100, Uzbekistan
  • 6. Alfraganus Univ, Dept Pharmaceut & Chem, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
  • 7. Urgench State Univ, Hamid Alimjan St 14, Urgench City 220100, Uzbekistan

Description

Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) have gained significant attention as versatile nanomaterials in analytical chemistry due to their strong fluorescence, high sensitivity, and biocompatibility features. This review explores the synthesis, functionalization, and broad applications of CQDs in various analytical domains, including bioimaging, diagnostics, and environmental monitoring. CQDs' unique properties, such as tunable emission and ease of surface modification, enhance their performance in fluorescence and electrochemical sensing. CQDs present emerging applications in single-cell analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, and food safety. Technological advancements in green synthesis and hybrid nanomaterial integration are paving the way for more sustainable, efficient, and scalable analytical tools. However, challenges related to reproducibility, stability, and large-scale production persist, highlighting the need for continued research. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of CQDs' impact, emphasizing their potential to transform analytical chemistry through innovative applications and future breakthroughs.

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