Preparation of carbon-based adsorbents from paddy wastes for dye removal from waste water

Paddy is an agricultural product that is cultivated in large quantities in our country and its residues pose a great problem for the environment. The rich silica and carbon content of this residue allows these residues to be used in many areas. In this study, it is aimed to prepare carbon-based materials from paddy wastes and use it in dye adsorption. In this study, carbon-based materials (C-CTAB, K-CTAB, C-P123, K-P123) were prepared by modifying paddy wastes (C) and paddy waste ash (K) with two different surfactants, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and Pluronic P123. The prepared carbon-based materials were tested for the removal of Acid Violet 90 (AV 90) dye from wastewater. Synthesized materials were characterized by XRF, FT-IR, SEM-EDS, N2 adsorption-desorption and zeta potential analyzes. As a result of these analyzes, the average pore diameter, total pore volume and BET surface area values for the K-CTAB adsorbent were found to be 3.8 nm, 0.26 cm3/g and 180 m2/g, respectively. The highest dye removal was obtained at pH 2 in all the studied materials. The K-CTAB adsorbent exhibited over 95% dye removal at all pH values. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models were applied to the experimental data, and it was seen that the Langmuir isotherm model was in good agreement with the experimental data. As a result, it was concluded that paddy wastes can be used effectively in the preparation of carbon-based adsorbent for dye removal.