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Published January 1, 2024 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Small Warriors of Nature: Novel Red Emissive Chlorophyllin Carbon Dots Harnessing Fenton-Fueled Ferroptosis for In Vitro and In Vivo Cancer Treatment

Creators

  • 1. Univ Miami, Dept Chem, 1301 Mem Dr, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA
  • 2. Univ Padua, Dept Biomed Sci, Padua, Italy
  • 3. Dept Appl Sci & Technol, Politecn Torino, I-10129 Turin, Italy
  • 4. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
  • 5. Gazi Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, TR-06560 Ankara, Turkiye
  • 6. Ankara Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Anat, TR-06110 Ankara, Turkiye
  • 7. Ankara Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Histol & Embryol, TR-06110 Ankara, Turkiye
  • 8. Ankara Univ, Stem Cell Inst, TR-06520 Ankara, Turkiye
  • 9. Ankara Univ, Biotechnol Inst, TR-06135 Ankara, Turkiye
  • 10. Ankara Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, TR-06830 Ankara, Turkiye
  • 11. Ankara Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Biomed Engn, TR-06830 Ankara, Turkiye

Description

The appeal of carbon dots (CDs) has grown recently, due to their established biocompatibility, adjustable photoluminescence properties, and excellent water solubility. For the first time in the literature, copper chlorophyllin-based carbon dots (Chl-D CDs) are successfully synthesized. Chl-D CDs exhibit unique spectroscopic traits and are found to induce a Fenton-like reaction, augmenting photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacies via ferroptotic and apoptotic pathways. To bolster the therapeutic impact of Chl-D CDs, a widely used cancer drug, temozolomide, is linked to their surface, yielding a synergistic effect with PDT and chemotherapy. Chl-D CDs' biocompatibility in immune cells and in vivo models showed great clinical potential.Proteomic analysis was conducted to understand Chl-D CDs' underlying cancer treatment mechanism. The study underscores the role of reactive oxygen species formation and pointed toward various oxidative stress modulators like aldolase A (ALDOA), aldolase C (ALDOC), aldehyde dehydrogenase 1B1 (ALDH1B1), transaldolase 1 (TALDO1), and transketolase (TKT), offering a deeper understanding of the Chl-D CDs' anticancer activity. Notably, the Chl-D CDs' capacity to trigger a Fenton-like reaction leads to enhanced PDT efficiencies through ferroptotic and apoptotic pathways. Hence, it is firmly believed that the inherent attributes of Chl-CDs can lead to a secure and efficient combined cancer therapy.

In a groundbreaking development, copper chlorophyllin-based carbon dots (Chl-D CDs) are synthesized, displaying unique red emissive traits, and enhancing photodynamic therapy (PDT) by harnessing Fenton-like reaction. Chl-D CDs' ability to enhance PDT through ferroptotic and apoptotic pathways offers a secure and efficient approach to combined cancer therapy, making them an intriguing topic for exploration.image

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