Switchable solvent-based liquid phase microextraction of Sudan dyes in food and water samples with HPLC-DAD

In this study, an environmentally friendly switchable hydrophilicity solvent (SHS) which is a hydrophilic N,Ndimethylbenzylamine carbonate compound in two forms, polar and non-polar, was used in liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) before HPLC-DAD analysis to separate and preconcentrate Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III, and Sudan IV dyes from food and water samples. The optimization of the microextraction process was performed by studying the effects of various parameters such as pH, SHS volume, phase transition triggering agent volume, sonication, and centrifugation times. In this study, where 300 mu L SHS was used, LLME total analysis time was performed in 4.5 minutes with high recovery at pH 8.0. The SHS-LLME procedure's preconcentration factor is 50. This SHS-LPME method offers an environmentally friendly option for the extraction of Sudan dyes from food and water samples.