Effect of the amount and type of active metal and its impregnation sequence on bio-fuel production

This study aims to investigate biofuel production from biomass -derived bio-oil and examine the impact of selecting different active metals, their quantities, and synthesis procedures on biofuel selectivity. For this purpose, alumina -supported catalysts containing Zr, Co, and W were prepared using the wet impregnation method. Some physical and chemical properties of the synthesized catalysts were determined through XRD, BET, SEM/ EDS, ICP-MS, TGA-DTA, and DRIFTS analysis. The activity test studies revealed that the 5Co-10Zr@MA catalyst, prepared by co -impregnation, exhibited the highest bio-oil conversion (95 %) and the highest iso-paraffin selectivity (93 %). XRD analysis indicated that this catalyst possess the CoAl 2 O 4 structure, indicating the formation of an alloy between alumina and cobalt, thereby enhancing catalytic activity. The reusability tests showed that the 5Co-10Zr@MA catalyst maintained its activity over a time of 3 h. Consequently, the utilization of mesoporous alumina -supported bimetallic catalysts has proven to be successful in the production of biofuels, achieving high conversion and selectivity.