Recent advances in the electrocatalytic applications (HER, OER, ORR, water splitting) of transition metal borides (MBenes) materials

The rise of MXenes and their derivatives, particularly two-dimensional (2D) transition metal borides (MBenes), marks a significant advancement in 2D nanomaterials. Their versatility has sparked great interest in various research fields, paving the way for their use in multiple applications such as energy storage. MBenes have desirable electrochemical and electrical properties, such as high electrical conductivity, making them highly effective catalysts for a variety of electrochemical reactions, including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Therefore, this mini-review provides an overview of the current progress in the field of MBenes-based composite materials used as electrocatalysts for ORR, OER, HER, and water splitting. Moreover, this study examines both theoretical and experimental studies to identify the factors influencing the electrochemical properties of MBenes-based electrocatalysts, offering insights into improving and optimizing their catalytic activity and chemical stability. By addressing the complex interaction between MBenes and their electrochemical performance, this study serves as a valuable roadmap for researchers aiming to improve the efficiency and durability of MBenes-based electrocatalysts.